Integrated photonics: distributed meandering waveguides.
Silicon photonics: integration of silicon microspheres as building blocks of photonic lightwave circuits.
Complex media: optoelectronic devices based on embedding microspheres in liquid crystals.
Nanophotonics: absorption and photoluminescence measurements in nanostructured semiconductors such as amorphous silicon, black silicon, and porous silicon.
Nonlinear optics: stimulated light scattering such as stimulated Raman scattering, and stimulated Brillouin scattering, multiphoton absorbance.
Laser diagnostics: light scattering, schlieren photography, fluorescence by photoluminescence and chemiluminescence applied to combustion diagnostics. microparticle detection, microsphere sensors.